论因果流程偏离的主观归责

Discussion about the Subjective Imputation in Deviation of Causal Process

因果流程偏离包括狭义的因果流程偏离、结果的延后发生、结果的提前发生以及打击错误。错误论认为因果流程偏离的难点在于故意的认定,因果关系论认为因果流程偏离的关键在于客观归责的判断。但是,这两种立场都有"倒果为因"的嫌疑——根据结论的需要来进行故意或客观归责的判断,因此难以避免判断的恣意性。因果流程偏离的适用应采取主观归责论,即在肯定了故意与客观归责的基础上再从规范上判断结果能否归责于故意。主观归责的标准不是计划理论,也不是故意危险理论,而是构成要件理论。

The deviation of the causal process includes the narrow one,results achieved behind,results achieved ahead and hit error. According to the theory of error, the difficulty lying in the deviation of the causal process is the cognizance of inten tion,while the theory of causality holds that the key should be the judgement of objective imputation. In fact, these theories make the same mistake of reversing the relationship between cause and result and lead to the arbitrariness inevitably.The princi- ple applied to deviation of casual process should be subjective imputation,where whether the result coule be attributable to in tention is judged on the basis of affriming the intention and objective imputation. The standard of subjective imputation is not the theory of plan or the theory of intentional danger , but the the theory of crime constitution.