莱布尼茨的心智计算思想研究

On Leibniz's Computational Thought of Mind

莱布尼茨提出了用符号逻辑的演算来表达思维的心智计算思想,这一思想具有还原式、符号化、通用型三个特征。莱布尼茨计算思想的还原式、符号化特征意味着他创建了一种心智的符号表征—计算模式,通用特征标志着他勾画了一幅用字符计算来统一认知的心智计算主义图景。莱布尼茨本人没有完成这幅计算主义图景。数理逻辑、人工智能、认知科学的发展继续推进了这一图景,但也遇到了多方面的挑战:如形式与内容难题、计算的概念问题、计算的范围问题,需要进一步的探索。

Leibniz put forward a computational thought of mind. He claimed that thinking was the calculation of symbolic logic. Leibniz＇ s thought has three characters： reduction, symbolization and universalization. The first two chatacters show that Leibniz created a symbolic representational compu- tational understanding of mind. The third one means he drew a picture of computationalism of mind that cognition could be united by symbolic cal- culation. Leibniz himself did not complete this picture. The development of mathematical logic, artificial intelligence and cognitive science continue to deepen this picture although facing many challenges： the problems about the form and content, the concept of computation and the scope of computation. All of these need to be further explored.