广藿香油及其主要成分对斑马鱼胚胎发育毒性的比较研究

Safety Evaluation of Oil of Pogostemon cablin and its main monomer in Development of Zebrafish Embryos

目的:观察和比较广藿香油及其主要成分广藿香醇、广藿香酮对斑马鱼胚胎发育的毒性。方法:分别将发育10h的胚胎置于梯度浓度的广藿香油、广藿香醇和广藿香酮中培养,于24h、48h、72h、96h观察和统计各组斑马鱼胚胎的死亡率、畸形率、胚胎形态、摆尾次数和心率。结果:随作用时间延长,三种药物毒性表现越明显;24h时广藿香醇和广藿香酮对斑马鱼的LD50分别为50.3、12.9mg/L,广藿香油组无明显致死现象;96h时广藿香油、广藿香醇和广藿香酮对斑马鱼胚胎的LC50分别为21.22、12.863、11.76mg/L。对比12mg/L浓度下三种药物的毒性,广藿香醇和广藿香酮在24h时主要表现为生长缓慢、止于体节期,96h时表现为导致幼鱼脊柱侧弯,心脏肿大,卵黄囊肿大、摆尾次数和心率明显下降等现象;广藿香油在各时间点主要表现为延缓黑色素的生成和轻微的心脏毒性;对比结果表明,广藿香酮毒性最明显。结论:广藿香油、广藿香醇和广藿香酮对斑马鱼均有胚胎发育毒性,毒性大小:广藿香酮>广藿香醇>广藿香油。

Objective To study the comparation of oil of Pogostemon cablin and its main monomer in Development of Zebrafish Embryos from 0 to 96h post fertilization （96h）. Methods The embryos exposure ladder concentrations for the oil of Pogostemon cab- lin, Patchouli and Pogostone at 10h. It were cultured for 96h. LCS0, relative survival rate, spontaneous movement of embryos heart heat rate and morphologic change were detected in 10h zebrafish embryos with incubation of the oil of Pogostemon cablin and its main monomer for 96h. Results Control group was established. With the extended time, the toxicity was more obviousely. 24h, the LCSO value of the oil ofPogostemon cablin in the zebrafish embryos couldn＇t calculate during the exposure concentrations. The LC50 values of Patchouli and Pogostone were 50. 3, 12. 9mg/L, respectively; 24h, The LCS0 values of the oil of Pogostemon cablin, Patchouli and Pogostone were 21.2, 12. 9, 11.8mg/L, respectively. 12 mg/L for the oil of Pogostemon cablin, Patchouli and Pogostone caused malformations in development of embryos, 24h, the embryos was hypoplasia and during the somites; 96h, zebra_fish larvae with the characteristic of notochord malformation, cardiac edema, yolk edema. The three drugs inhibited time - dependent, especially Pogos- tone ; 24h, Patchouli and Pogostone caused the reduction of spontaneous movement and heart rate, the oil of Pogostemon cablin had no effect on it. Conclusion The oil of Pogostemon cablin, Patchouli and Pogostone had toxicity on the development of zehrafish embryos, and the toxicity of zebrafish embryos ： the oil of Pogostemon cablin 〉 Patchouli 〉 Pogostone.