印刷服务碳足迹评价方法及碳排放计算器的开发

Printing Service Carbon Footprint Evaluation Methods and Development of Carbon Emission Calculator

以印刷服务业为研究对象进行了碳足迹评价,建立了适用于印刷服务的碳足迹评价模型,并在此基础上开发了一款碳排放计算器。通过对4家典型书刊印刷企业的实地调研,完善了实施碳足迹评价的数据收集方案,获得了来自于行业的实际初级数据和次级数据,包括印前、印刷、印后加工3个阶段的碳排放系数,为碳排放计算器的研发打下基础。基于生命周期法的印刷服务碳足迹评价方法能够较好地确定印刷服务的碳排放源,研发的碳排放计算器有助于印刷企业计算企业内部的"碳成本"消耗情况。60多家印刷企业的试用结果表明,该碳排放计算器的企业满意度高达83%,实现节能减排30%,管理成本下降3.6%,企业平均利润上升2.5%。这一结果表明,所研发的计算器能较好地反映印刷服务的碳排放水平,从而有利于指导行业有效开展低碳减排工作,为客户在全行业内比较产品和服务时提供比较精确的计算方法。

By taking printing service as the object of study, carbon footprint was assessed with the establishment of carbon footprint evaluation model for printing service, upon which a carbon emission calculator was developed. After field research in four typical book printing enterprises, the carbon footprint evaluation data collection program was improved with the acquisition of actual primary data and secondary data of carbon emission factors, covering the stages ofprepress, printing, and post-press finishing, which laid the foundation for the development Of carbon emission calculator. The printing service carbon footprint assessment method based on lifecycle could be a good method to determine the source of the printing carbon emissions. More than 60 printing enterprises＇ trial results indicated 83% degree of satisfaction for the carbon calculator with 30% energy saving and emission reduction, 3.6% reduction in management costs, and average 2.5% increase in corporate profits. The results showed that the research and development of the calculator could well reflect the carbon emission level in printing service, thus guide the carbon emission reduction, and provide more accurate calculation method for clients when it comes to comparing the products and services.