农村城镇化进程中的生态风险及其法治路径

Ecological risks and the path toward the rule of law in the process of China's urbanization

中国快速的农村城镇化给农村地区带来了生态环境退化、生态系统失衡、生态物种减少、生态功能下降等诸多生态风险,而农村城镇化进程中生态风险的应对机制存在生态风险分担不公、信息失真、责任不明、监管不力等问题。应从完善生态立法,界定生态风险应对的法律责任,合理分担风险,构建公平的生态风险分担制度,促进信息公开,建立生态风险信息交流法律机制,加强生态执法,提高生态风险监管水平等几个方面构建和完善生态风险应对法律机制。

The rapid rural urbanization have caused serious ecological risks such as deteriorated ecological environment, ecological system imbalance, biodiversity loss, ecological function decline in China. However, there exist many problems in dealing with the ecological risks such as unfair risk distribution, risk information distortion, and unclear risk responsibility. China should build and perfect the legal mechanism for coping ecological risks, the measures includes perfecting the ecological legislation to define the legal responsibility of ecological risk response, allocating risk-sharing reasonably to build fair ecological risk allocation system, perfecting the information disclosure to establish ecological risk communication legal mechanism, strengthening the ecological law enforcement to improve the level of ecological risk supervision and so on several aspects.