卫生监督人员心理健康影响因素分析

Status and influencing factors of mental health among health supervisors

目的了解卫生监督人员心理健康状况并对其影响因素进行分析。方法于2013年12月—2014年3月采用分层随机整群抽样的方法抽取黑龙江省194名卫生监督人员,采用心理健康状况问卷(SCL-90)、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)和明尼苏达工作满意度问卷(MSQ)进行调查。结果 28.35%的卫生监督人员存在不同程度的心理问题,其中强迫因子有症状者检出率最高,为20.62%,敌意、抑郁均为11.86%,躯体化、人际敏感均为10.82%;而偏执因子中度及以上症状者检出率最高,为3.09%;对有症状组和无症状组卫生监督人员人格得分进行比较,结果显示,有症状组在神经质和精神质得分均高于无症状组(P<0.05),2组内外向得分差异无统计学意义;卫生监督人员整体工作满意度平均分为(3.545±0.582)分,内在满意度为(3.625±0.559)分,外在满意度为(3.423±0.675)分;多元线性逐步回归分析结果显示,卫生监督人员心理健康的主要影响因素为工作整体满意度、神经质和内外向。结论卫生监督人员的工作整体满意度越高、人格越外向、神经质得分越低,心理越健康。

Objective To explore the status and influence factors of the mental health among health supervisors. Methods With random cluster sampling, a total of 194 health supervisors were selected and surveyed with Symptom Checklist 90 （ SCL-90 ）, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire （ EPQ）, and Minnesota Satisfaction Quesionnaire （ MSQ ）. Re- suits Of the health supervisors surveyed, 28.35 % had psychological problems, including obsession （20. 62% ）, hostility （11.86%） ,depression（ 11.86% ）, somatization （ 10. 82% ）, and interpersonal relationship problem（ 10. 82% ）. The detection rate of moderate or severe paranoid symptoms was 3.09%. There were significant differences in the EPQ scores of neuroticism（N） and psychoticism（P）between the health supervisors with and without psychological problems （both P 〈 0. 05 ）. The mean score for general job satisfaction among the health supervisors was 3. 545 ± 0. 582 and the scores were 3. 625 ± 0. 559 for intrinsic job satisfaction and 3.423 ± 0. 675 for extrinsic job satisfaction. The results of multivari- ate stepwise regression analysis showed that neuroticism, extroversion-introversion, and job satisfaction were major influence factors of mental health among the health supervisors. Conclusion The mental health is correlated positively with job satisfaction and extroversion and reversely with neuroticism among health supervisors.