油田矿区家蝇抗性及防制策略分析

Pesticide resistance of houseflies and its countermeasures in oil mining areas

目的探讨胜利油田矿区家蝇抗药性现状和防制对策。方法捕蝇笼采集试虫，在实验室饲养1—2代进行点滴法生物测试，并测定蛋白质含量和相关酶的活性。结果油田矿区家蝇对溴氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯和氯菊酯具有高抗性，抗性系数（R／S）分别为22．86、24．12和19．37；对敌敌畏的抗性有衰退趋势。家蝇经高效氯氰菊酯抗性选育后，AchE、CAT、GST的活性均明显增加，分别为9．012、10．012和421．35U／mgprot。在无选择压力下，家蝇高效氯氰菊酯抗性种群会出现抗性自然衰退趋势。结论实施以环境治理为主的综合防制措施，定期开展家蝇抗药性监测，合理使用杀虫剂，抑制和延缓抗性发展。

Objective To explore pesticide resistance of houseflies and its countermeasures in mining areas of Shengli petroleum field. Methods Houseflies were collected with fly-trap method and pesticide resistance of their fist or second generations raised in the laboratory were tested with topical application method. Pesticide resistance-related proteins and enzyme activities in the houseflies were determined simultaneously. Results High-resistance of the houseflies to delta- methrin,beta-cypermethrin,and permethrin was observed, with the resistance coefficients （R/S）of 22. 86,24. 12, and 19. 37,respectively, and a declined trend for the resistance to dichlorvos. After selection breeding for resistance to beta- cypermethrin, the activities of acetyl cholinesterase, catalase, and glutathione S-transferase of the houseflies were increased markedly to 9. 012, 10. 012, and 421.35 U/mgprot. The resistance to beta-cypermethrin of the housefly populations showed a natural decline without selection pressure. Conclusion Comprehensive measures for housefly control, reasona- ble application of pesticides, and regular pesticide resistance monitoring should be adopted to restrain pesticide resistance of houseflies in oil mining areas.