乡镇政府公共服务供给能力评估指标体系建构——兼论政府公共服务能力的研究现状

The Evaluation Index System of Public Services Capability of Township Government in China——Some Views on Government Public Service Capacity Study

反映政府公共服务能力现状是一个重要且困难的课题,因为能力在很大程度上是以隐性要素为基础的。大多文献将政府公共服务能力界定为政府供给公共服务的有效性、本领、力量或能量,对政府公共服务能力结构的理解因认知兴趣的不同而纷繁多样,公共服务能力现状则主要依据公共服务产出来判断,乡镇政府公共服务能力的研究长期停留在起步阶段,其实证评估无人问津。政府公共服务能力的概念界定未揭示"能力"的本质及形成逻辑,是导致结构观点繁杂、仅用绩效评估能力的根本原因。本文紧扣"能力",结合"管理能力与利益相关主体满意"的评估模式,厘定了政府公共服务能力的概念和结构,用层次分析法构建了一套乡镇政府公共服务供给能力评估指标体系。

Reflection of public service capacity of government is an important and extremely difficult issue for which is largely based on implicit element. Most researchers in this field define government public service capacity as the effectiveness, utility, skill, strength or energy of government when supplying public service. There are vari- ous views on the structure of government public service capacity and government public service capacity is eval- uated according to public service performance. Study on township government public services capability should be more intensive in theory and needs more empirical elements. That the definition of government public service capacity fails to reveal implicit element of ＂capacity＂ leads to too many different understandings on the structure of government public service capacity and the mix between performance and capacity. Therefore, this article focuses on the implicit element of ＂capacity＂ and the ＂management -capacity with stakeholders -satisfaction＂ evaluation model to redefine the concept of government public service capacity, which is divided into two parts as indicated and effective capacity here. An evaluating index system on public service capability of township governments in China is also discussed in this paper.