“三维”政府竞争分析:土地依赖视角

Research on Three-Dimensional Competition among Governments:a Perspective of Land Dependence

在中国式分权体制下,政府间竞争主要有三个维度:一是"央地不同级"政府间的上下财政竞争,二是"同级不同地"政府间的左右晋升竞争,三是"同地不同届"政府间的前后策略竞争,上下、左右、前后竞争共同构成了政府间竞争的三维立体架构。土地成为当前地方政府在三维立体架构下的行为选择落脚点,地方政府趋于一致的竞争策略导致土地资源的不合理利用。因而构建合理的激励和约束机制促使政府由竞争走向合作是土地资源可持续利用的有效保障,具体可从"做对价格"、"做对协调"和"做对激励"三条路径入手实现政府间有机合作,做对价格主要用于调节上下财政竞争,做对协调主要用于调节左右晋升竞争,做对激励主要用于调节前后策略竞争。

three - dimensional structure. Owing to the actual jurisdiction of land resources management belonging to the lo- cal governments, they have the rights to go their own way. Land resource utilization has become to the foothold of competition among governments under the three - dimensional structure. Because land has become to the car- rier of local government economic and political benefit, a reasonable incentive and restraint mechanism, which could reduce the competition among governments, should be established in China. Doing the right price, doing the right Coordination and doing the right incentive will be suitable to adjust the three - dimensional structure. And doing the fight price, doing the fight coordination and doing fiscal comoetition, oromotioncompetition and strategy competition respectively.