Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的物相结构与组分优化设计

Phases and Structure of Ti-V Based Alloys and Hydrides and Optimization Design of Constituents and Composition

Ti-V基储氢合金在室温、常压下即可表现出良好的储氢特性,且质量储氢容量明显高于传统AB5型储氢合金,从而在氢气的精制和回收、运输和储存及热泵等方面有较早的应用。此外,在混合气体分离、核反应堆中处理氢的同位素、镍氢电池及燃料电池负极材料等方面也得到了广泛的研究与关注。基于目前Ti-V基储氢合金的研究现状,概述了该类合金的优势、限制性因素(包括成因)及改性手段。此外,为了进一步理解Ti-V基合金储氢机理、构建合金组分与储氢特性之间的对应关系,本工作重点围绕Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的结构、组分优化设计展开综述,并对其未来研究方向做出展望。

Ti-V-based hydrogen storage alloys perform well at ambient conditions and show better hydrogen storage capacity than conventional alloys. Thus,it is early utilized in purification and recovery of hydrogen,transport and storage of hydrogen and heat pump. Besides,it is also widely researched and concerned in gas mixture separation,disposure of hydrogen isotope in nuclear reactor,anode material of Ni-H and fuel cell battery. Based on the current research and development situation of Ti-V based alloys,the privileges,main constraints with the cause included and the methods of modification were briefly summarized. Moreover,to further understand the hydrogen storage mechanism of Ti-V based alloys and to build the relationship between alloy constituents and hydrogen storage properties,this review will focus on the phases and structures of Ti-V based alloys and its hydrides,optimization design of constituents and composition,as well as the development direction of it.