民族地区社会保障的发展及其反贫困作用

Development of the social security system in the minority areas of China and its role of poverty-eradication

民族地区面临着较高的贫困风险,是我国反贫困需要重点关注的地区。发展和完善社会保障是民族地区反贫困的重要举措,对于减缓少数民族地区的贫困、提高民族地区城乡居民的生活水平具有重要作用。近些年来,民族地区的社会保障事业得到快速发展,社会保障总支出水平明显提高。随着民族地区社会保障的发展,城乡居民的收入水平也随之提高,对于缓解民族地区贫困起到了积极作用。但是,民族地区社会保障依然存在不少问题,比如覆盖范围仍然有限、城乡差距较大、社会福利与社会救助发展相对滞后、财政投入不足、再分配功能有待提高。未来需要进一步改革和完善民族地区的社会保障,充分发挥其反贫困作用。

The minority areas of China have more poverty- related risks and should receive more concern in the process of poverty- eradication. The development and improvement of the social security system in these areas is an important measure for poverty- eradication,and plays a crucial role in improving the living standards of the urban and rural residents in these areas. In recent years,the social security system in these areas has developed fairly fast with more investment and better living conditions. But quite a few problems related to this social security system have remained,such as a limited coverage,a clear gap between urban and rural areas,insufficient social welfare and assistance as well as insufficient fiscal input,plus unreasonable redistribution. Thus,it is necessary to further reform and improve this social security system and bring all its potential into full play for poverty- eradication.