术后认知功能障碍诊断方法进展

Progress of the diagnosis method of postoperative cognitive dysfunction

背景术后认知功能障碍（postoperativecognitivedysfunction，POCD）是手术麻醉后出现的中枢神经系统并发症，常见于65岁以上的老年患者。目的分析总结POCD常用诊断方法，便于临床应用参考。内容简述POCD的流行病学资料及发病机制，详细分析POCD的诊断标准和方法，简述POCD的预防和治疗。趋向目前对于POCD的诊断尚无统一的标准，需要进一步研究以便更好地为临床工作提供指导。

Background Postoperative cognitive dysfunction （POCD） is a complication of the central nervous system after surgery and anesthesia, it is common in elderly patients over 65 years. Objective To summarize and analyze the commonly used diagnostic methods of POCD. Content This article briefly describes the epidemiology and pathogenesis of POCD, detailedly analyzes its diagnostic criteria and methods and outlines its prevention and treatment. Trend There is no uniform standard for the diagnosis of POCD. Further studies are needed to provide better guidance for clinical work.