《理想国》的正义理论

The Justice Theory of Republic of Plato

伯罗奔尼撒战争以后,希腊诸城邦的礼法习俗发生了剧烈的转变并快速腐败,同时,在智者运动的刺激下,希腊人怀疑主义和虚无主义盛行。柏拉图通过《理想国》对正义问题的系统讨论回应时代的挑战。在该书中,柏拉图处理正义问题的最大特色是将"正义"问题与"好的生活"问题联系起来进行思考。柏拉图的结论是,只有过一种正义的生活,才能够过一种真正好的生活。反过来说,只有真正明白什么是"好"的生活,才能够真正坚持过一种正义的生活。《理想国》关于正义问题的阐述,对现代人具有极大的参考和启发价值。

After Peloponnesian war,the norms of Ancient Greek changed and corrupted rapidly. Meanwhile,the skepticism and relativism were very popular because of Enlightenment Movement. People were puzzled by questions such as what was justice and what good to be a just man? Through the Republic,Plato answered all these questions. The most unique of Plato's Justice Theory is that the answer of justice problems is based on the question of what is good life. In Plato's Opinion,only justice life can be good life,and on the other hand,only the true understanding of what is good life can lead one to insist on living justice life. The elaboration of justice in Plato is of great value for reference and inspiration.