含碳癸硼烷交联聚氨酯弹性体的合成及热性能

Synthesis and Thermal Properties of Carbon Decaborane-Containing Crosslinked Polyurethane Elastomers

以1,2-二(4′-羟基苯基)邻碳癸硼烷、甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)三聚体和端羟基聚丁二烯为原料,采用两步法合成了一种新型的含碳癸硼烷结构的交联聚氨酯弹性体。通过研究催化剂用量、预聚时间、反应物浓度等对交联聚氨酯凝胶率的影响,确定了交联聚氨酯的合成条件,在TDI三聚体质量分数为32%、催化剂用量为0.1%和预聚时间为4h的条件下,可得到具有较高凝胶率的交联产物。利用热分析技术研究了在氩气气氛下,交联聚氨酯从室温至800℃的热性能。研究发现,含5.3%碳癸硼烷聚氨酯第1阶段最快降解速率对应温度比普通聚氨酯提高了53℃,800℃的残余率提高了16.7%。

A new type of carbon decaborane-containing crosslinked polyurethane was prepared by two-step method using 1,2-（4′-hydroxy phenyl）carbon decaborane,toluene diisocyanate（TDI）trimer and hydroxylterminated polybutadiene as starting materials.The influence of the TDI trimer concentration,the catalyst dosage and the prepolymerization time on the gel content of crosslinked polyurethanes was investigated,and the polyurethanes with high gel content were prepared when the TDI trimer mass fraction of 32%,the catalyst dosage of 0.1%and the prepolymerization time of 4hwere applied in the polymerization process.Thermogravimetric analysis（TG）and differential thermogravimetric analysis（DTG）were used to study thermal properties of the crosslinked polyurethanes in argon atmosphere from room temperature to 800 ℃.The first stage temperature of the fastest degradation rate for 5.3%carbon decaborane-containing polyurthane is 53℃ higher than that of ordinary polyurethanes,whereas its residual content at 800 ℃is increased by 16.7%.