重症监护病房院内感染的调查研究

Investigation of Nosocomial Infection in Intensive Care Unit

目的:探讨重症监护病房(ICU)院内感染的发病情况。方法:回顾性分析2011年1月-2012年12月笔者所在医院ICU收治的480例患者的临床资料,探讨院内感染的易感部位、易感因素等,以及相关危险度分析。结果:98人次(62例)获得院内感染,占20.4%,感染主要包括肺炎37例次(37.7%),泌尿道感染25例次(25.5%),脓毒症15例次(15.3%),手术切口14例次(14.3%)和其他7例次(7.2%);发生院内感染的患者平均住院19.3 d,耐药菌感染的患者平均住院20.2 d。感染患者的死亡率为40.0%[RR:4.4,95%CI(3.4,5.6)]。结论:院内感染与来自其他科室或急诊科,住院日超过4 d,社区感染,耐药菌感染,应用侵袭性装置和死亡率等因素有关。

Objective：To investigate the situation of nosocomial infection in intensive care unit（ICU）.Method：The clinical data of 480 patients admitted in an ICU of our hospital from January 2011 to December 2012 were analyzed retrospectively.The predisposing infection area and susceptible factors of the nosocomial infection were investigated,and Fisher＇s test and Relative Risk（RR）.Result：There were 98 person tims（n=62,20.4%） got the nosocomial infection.The infections were in the pneumonia（n=37,37.7%）,urinary tract infection（n=25,25.5%）,sepsis（n=15,15.3%）,surgical site（n=14,14.3%）and others（n=7,7.2%）.Hospitalization average was 19.3 days for patients with NI and 20.2 days for those with colonization by resistant microorganisms.The mortality was 40.0% among patients with nosocomial infection[RR：4.4,95%CI（3.4,5.6）].Conclusion： Nosocomial infection and from other departments or the emergency department,more than 4 days of hospitalization,community infection,colonized by resistant microorganisms,using invasive procedures and deaths resulting from nosocomial infection.