甘南夏河高寒草甸高原鼢鼠和高原鼠兔秋季栖息地特征

Habitat characteristics of two dominant small mammal species Eospalax bailyei and Ochotona curzoniae in alpine meadow of Xiahe,Gannan

2010年至2014年连续5年对甘南夏河高寒草甸高原鼢鼠(Eospalax bailyei)和高原鼠兔(Ochotona curzoniae)的分布与其地形、植被因子等进行了调查,分析两小型哺乳动物秋季越冬前的栖息地利用特征。结果表明,其秋季栖息地利用与地形和植被特征显著相关。高原鼠兔易选择坡地、半阳坡和坡中位的地形,而高原鼢鼠易选择平地、阳坡和坡底位的地形;植被盖度是影响高原鼠兔分布的重要因子。地上生物量非中等的平地是两小哺乳动物共存的主要分布地,两小型哺乳动物的种群动态与植被盖度和生物量均显著相关(P<0.05);鹅绒委陵菜(Potentilla anserina)、花苜蓿(Melissilus ruthenicus)、柴胡(Radix bupleuri)和美丽风毛菊(Saussurea pulchra)4种植物多度与两小型哺乳动物的分布显著相关。

A 5-year research was conducted on the features of vegetation and topographic factors of habitats of two dominate small mammal species Eospalax bailyei and Ochotona curzoniae in alpine meadow of Xiahe,Gannan. Significant correlations were found between habitat utilization of these two species and vegetation,as well as geographic factors. Plateau pikas preferred sunny middle slope,while plateau zokors preferred flat and sunny lower slope. The coverage was an important factor predicting the presence of plateau pika. Areas with high or low biomass in flat area were more likely to be occupied by both species. Their coexistence last about 3 years. The abundance of four plant species Potentilla anserine,Melissilus ruthenicus,Radix bupleuri and Saussurea pulchra significantly affected habitat selection by both species.