澳门生猪中小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌的污染调查

Investigation of Yersinia enterocolitica in pollution in the small intestine of the raw pig in Macao

目的了解生猪受小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌的污染状况,为检验检疫工作和进行风险分析提供科学依据。方法利用方便抽样法在澳门市场抽取50个猪扁桃体样本,采用美国食品药物管理局微生物分析手册中的方法进行培养及生化鉴定,同时利用PCR方法对样本进行16S和ail基因检测。结果 50个猪扁桃体样本中,小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌的传统培养法的阳性率为12.0%(6/50),6个菌株的生物分型均为1A型,2个菌株为ail基因阳性;PCR检测方法的16S基因阳性率为36.0%(18/50),其中ail基因的阳性率为11.1%(2/18)。结论此次研究中,显示澳门生猪中存在小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌污染的风险,建议政府采取适当的预防和控制措施。此外,通过16S基因检测能缩短筛查的时间和提高检测效率,监测屠宰场或售卖市场的污染情况,保障食品安全。

Objective To investigate the contamination conditions of the Yersinia enterocolitica from pigs and provide a basis for risk analysis,inspection and quarantine works on these food products. Methods A total of 50 tonsils samples from pigs were collected from different markets in Macao using the method of convenience sampling. Samples were cultured according to the method in bacteriological analytical manual of the US food and drug administration bureau,and biochemical identification was conducted and 16 S and ail gene were tested through the Polymerase Chain Reaction（ PCR）. Results In these 50 tonsils samples,cultural positive rate of Yersinia enterocolitica was 12. 0%（ 6 /50）,the biotype of all 6 isolates were 1A and 2 are positive ail gene; while positive rate of 16 S detected by PCR was 36. 0%（ 18 /50）,in which positive rate of ail gene is 11. 1%（ 2 /18）. Conclusion This experiment shows that there is a risk of Yersinia enterocolitica contamination in pork sold at markets in Macao. It is proposed that the government takes appropriate prevent and control measures. In addition,detection of 16 S gene through PCR could can shorten the time of screening and improve the detection efficiency,monitoring the pollution situation of the slaughter market or the sale of the market,to ensure food safety.