现实导向训练对长期住院精神分裂症患者社会功能和生存质量的影响

Research of reality orientation training on social function of patients with long-term hospitalization schizophrenia and survival quality

目的探讨现实导向训练对长期住院精神分裂症患者社会功能和生存质量的影响。方法选取100例在本院长期住院的慢性精神分裂症患者进行半年时间的现实导向训练,分为五个项目持续导向,包括日期、时间、季节、节日、天气导向,人物的导向,个人卫生或自我照顾导向,与外界新闻、时事接触的导向,周围环境、地点、方位的导向。采用日常生活能力量表(ADL)、简易智力状态检查(MMSE)量表、简明蒙特利尔认知评估(Mo CA)量表和生活质量量表(Whoqol-100)对训练前后进行评估。结果与训练前比较,实施现实导向训练后患者ADL、MMSE、Mo CA及Whoqol-100评分均明显改善,(t值分别为22.763、16.193、19.873、28.631),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论现实导向能够通过上述方式有效改善长期住院的慢性精神病患者在日常生活中的积极性和生活能力,同时提高患者对周边环境、事物等的关注度,对降低患者衰退具有积极作用。

Objective To investigate the reality orientation training on the social function of patients with long-term hospitalization schizophrenia and the influence of quality of life. Methods 100 cases in our hospital long-term chronic schizophrenia patients in hospital for half a year of reality orientation training,was chosen and divided into five projects continue to guide,including date,time,seasons,holidays and weather the guidance,the orientation of the characters,personal hygiene or self-care guide,contact with the outside world news and current affairs,the surrounding environment and location. Using daily life ability scale（ADL）,simple mental state examination（MMSE） scale,concise Montreal cognitive assessment（Mo CA） scale and quality of life questionnaire（Whoqol-100） to evaluate the changes before and after the training. Results Compared with before training,implementation of reality orientation training patients after ADL and MMSE,Mo CA and Whoqol-100 scores were significantly improved,comparative differences are statistically significant（P0.05）. Conclusion Practical guide for make long-term chronic schizophrenia patients in hospital has improved daily life ability and enthusiasm of the patients,making them pay more attention and memory to the surrounding environment has a positive role to reduce their illness.