济南市家庭燃煤取暖致一氧化碳中毒影响因素分析

A case-control study on influencing factors of carbon monoxide poisoning caused by indoor coal heating in Jinan

目的了解济南市家庭燃煤取暖致一氧化碳中毒影响因素。方法采用1：2匹配的病例对照研究,调查2012年11月15日至2013年2月28日济南市34户家庭燃煤取暖致一氧化碳中毒家庭及对照的采暖行为特征。数据采用EPI Data 3.1软件录入,使用SPSS 21进行条件logistic回归单因素、多因素分析。结果单因素分析显示,采暖炉所在房间与卧室密封分隔、采暖炉安装烟囱、采暖炉所在房间和卧室有窗户、采暖炉所在房间白天开窗、卧室白天开窗通风是一氧化碳中毒的影响因素;多因素分析显示,采暖炉所在房间与卧室密封分隔（OR=0.11,95%CI：0.02~0.57）、采暖炉安装烟囱（OR=0.04,95%CI：0.01~0.38）、采暖炉所在房间白天开窗（OR=0.01,95%CI：0.001~0.37）是家庭燃煤取暖致一氧化碳中毒的影响因素。结论济南市家庭燃煤取暖致一氧化碳中毒病例以老年人为主,农民占多数,中毒时间以夜间中毒为主。中毒的发生与采暖炉所在房间与卧室未密封分隔、采暖炉没有安装烟囱、采暖炉所在房间白天不通风密切相关。

Objective To study the influencing factors of carbon monoxide poisoning caused by indoor coal heating in Jinan. Methods Using 1：2 matched case-control study to survey thirty-four CO poisoned cases who poisoned from Nov15, 2012 to Feb 28, 2013 and their control group＇s coal heating behavior. The data was processed by Epi Data（v3.1） and analyzed by SPSS（v21）. Results Factors as heating stove room and bedroom are separated and sealed, heating stove with a chimney, heating stove room and bedroom with windows, heating stove room daytime ventilation, and bedroom daytime ventilation were found associated with carbon monoxide poisoned caused by coal heating in house. Result through multivariate logistic regression showed that factors were heating stove room and bedroom are separated and sealed（OR=0.11, 95% CI：0.02 ~0.57）, heating stove with a chimney（OR =0.04, 95% CI：0.01 ~0.38）, and heating stove room daytime ventilation（OR=0.01, 95%CI：0.001~0.37）. Conclusion Most poisoned cases caused by indoor coal heating in Jinan were elderly, farmers, most poisoning time were night. Carbon monoxide poisoning caused by coal heating in house was related to heating stove room and bedroom are not separated and sealed, heating stove without a chimney, and heating stove room have no daytime ventilation.