山西历山国家级自然保护区猕猴栖息地森林群落物种多样性

Species diversity of forest community in Macaca mulatta habitat in Lishan National Nature Reserve,Shanxi

在对山西历山国家级自然保护区猕猴栖息地森林群落进行数量分类的基础上,运用丰富度指数、物种多样性指数和均匀度指数方法对该地区森林群落的物种多样性进行了研究,并分析了森林群落各层片之间的物种多样性的相关性。结果表明:(1)栖息地森林12个群丛的丰富度指数、物种多样性指数和均匀度指数能够较好地反映各群落多样性变化规律。(2)栖息地森林群落的Patrick丰富度指数(R)与Shannon多样性指数(H)、Hill多样性指数(N1和N2)、Alatalo均匀度指数(E)和Pielou均匀度指数(Jsw)变化趋势基本一致,而Simpson多样性指数(λ)与H的变化呈相反趋势。(3)栖息地森林群落内乔、灌和草3层的丰富度指数、物种多样性指数和均匀度指数表现出多样化的趋势。各层片的丰富度指数和物种多样性指数总体上呈现草本层>乔木层>灌木层,但各片层的均匀度指数存在差异,其中灌木层的均匀度指数差异较大,而乔木层和草本层均匀度在各群落间差异较小。

Based on the numerical classification of Forest communities in Macaca mulatta habitat in Lishan National Nature Reserve, species diversity of these forest communities in the reserve was evaluated by species richness index, species diversity index and evenness index. Further- more, the correlation between diversity indices among different synusiae of forest communities was analyzed. The results indicated that： （1） The variation patterns of the diversity of the twelve as- sociations could be well represented by species richness index, species diversity index and even- ness index. （2） The variation tendencies of Patrick richness index （R）, Shannon diversity index （H）, Hill diversity index （N1 and N2 ）, Alatalo evenness index and Pielou evenness index were similar for all forest communities, while the tendency of Simpson diversity index （A） was oppo- site to that of H index. （3） Changes of the richness, diversity, and evenness indexes of the forest communities presented a tendency of diversification. The richness index and diversity index in va- rious synusiae were in order of herb layer 〉 arbor layer 〉 shrub layer. However, differences of evenness index in each synusia existed among the different forest communities. Greater difference of evenness index was observed in shrub layer ence of evenness index was in arbor layer and among different communities, while lesser differ- herb layer.