2013-2014年河南省某县土壤铅、镉含量的检测分析

Monitoring soil hygiene in rural environment of Henan in 2013-2014

目的了解河南省某县农村土壤卫生学状况,了解土壤中铅、镉含量,为制定政策措施提供依据和基础资料。方法在2013年和2014年随机选取河南省某县20个行政村,对每村分别采集土壤1份,进行土壤颜色、p H值、根系和蛔虫卵等基本卫生学检查,并进行重金属铅和镉的检测。结果 2014年铅的均值(显著高于2013年铅的均值),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2013年土壤中大多数(95%)镉未超过土壤二级标准;但是2014年75%样本在二级标准以上,20%符合三级标准,5%样本浓度超过三级标准;两年镉的分类差别存在统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论检测发现该县两年多数土壤铅、镉含量未超过国家标准,但是应该注意监控,不排除存在污染的可能。

Objective To investigate the level of lead and cadmium contents in soil of rural county of Henan province, and evaluate the rural soil environmental sanitation, provide the basic data for constituting policies and measures. Methods Twenty administrative villages in a county were randomly selected in year of 2013 and 2014, and one soil sample was collected in each village. The soil color, pH value, root and ascarid eggs were detected, and the lead and cadmium in soil were detected by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Results Average value of lead in soil in 2013 was significantly lower than in 2014（P〈0. 05）. Most （95%） of cadmium in soils did not exceed soil level II standard in 2013, but in 2014 only 75% samples in the above level II standard, 20% samples met with soil level III standard, 5% samples contents exceeded soil level III standard, the difference between two years was statistically significant （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The lead and cadmium contents in most soil are in accordance with national standard, but the monitoring should be carried out in order to find out the possible contamination in time.