医疗机构办公室人群颈椎病影响因素分析

Analysis on influence factors of cervical vertebra disease in office of medical in stitutions

目的了解影响东莞市医疗机构办公室人群颈椎病的危险因素,为预防颈椎病以及开展预防干预提供依据。方法采用随机抽样的方法选取东莞市8所医疗机构办公室人员进行颈椎病流行病学问卷调查,共调查309人。结果 87.40%的伏案人员有颈部疼痛症状,颈椎病发病率为17.80%,影响医疗机构办公室人群颈椎病的危险因素包括年龄(R=0.196,P=0.012<0.05)、学历(R=0.163,P=0.038<0.05)、伏案年限(R=0.183,P=0.022<0.05)、家族史(X^2=6.894,P=0.009<0.05)、不良坐姿(R=0.251,P=0.00<0.05)、落枕(R=0.227,P=O.004<0.05)、枕高(R=-0.154,P=0.049<0.05)、工间休息(R=0.198,P=0.011<0.05)等。结论医疗机构办公室人员颈部疼痛发生率较高(87.40%)。伏案年限、落枕、不良坐姿、枕高、工间休息等是颈椎病的高危因素,且与颈椎疼痛发生率有线性相关关系,是开展预防颈椎病干预的重点。

Objective To analysis the impact of cervical spondylosis factors of the office personnel in Dongguan county,in order to prevent cervical spondylosis and provide policy support for health departments.Methods A total of 309 people were drawn from eight hospitals by a cluster random sampling method and the selected subjects were surveyed using interviewer administered questionnaire.Results 87.40%of the respondents had neck discomfort symptoms.The rate of cervical spondylosis was 17.8%.The impact of cervical spondylosis factors were age（R=0.196,P=0.012〈0.05）,education（R=0.163,P=0.038〈0.05）,years of bending over the desk working（R=0.183,P=0.022〈0.05）,family fhistory（X^2=6.894,P=0.009〈0.05）,bad posture of sitting（R=0.251,P=0.00〈0.05）,stiff neck（R=0.227,P=0.004〈0.05）,pillow height（R=-0.154,P=0.049〈0.05）,break time（R=0.198,P=0.011〈0.05）.Conclusions The rate of neck discomfort symptoms was high（87.40%）.The important factors of cervical spondylosis were the years of bending over the desk working,stiff neck,bad posture of sitting,pillow height,break time.They were the key to prevent cervical spondylosis.