品管圈对内科长期卧床患者坠积性肺炎的预防效果

Preventive effect of quality control circle on hypostatic pneumonia of bedridden patients in Department of Internal Medicine

目的探讨品管圈对内科长期卧床患者坠积性肺炎的预防效果。方法选取2012年1月~2013年12月于冀中能源邢台矿业集团总医院内科住院治疗的长期卧床的坠积性肺炎患者100例为研究对象,根据入院顺序将其分为观察组与对照组,对照组给予常规护理,观察组采用品管圈护理方法。观察比较两组患者坠积性肺炎发生率、肺功能情况、希望水平及对护理工作的满意度。结果观察组患者17例发生坠积性肺炎,发生率为34.0%,对照组患者30例发生坠积性肺炎,发生率为60.0%,观察组显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。出院前1 d评价两组患者的肺功能,结果显示两组患者第1秒用力呼气量（FEV1）和用力肺活量（FVC）水平均较入院时有所提高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;且观察组患者FEV1和FVC改善情况优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。入院时观察组和对照组患者Herth希望量表（HHI）评分分别为（23.02±3.13）、（22.63±5.87）分,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,均处于低水平,出院前观察组HHI量表评分为（33.67±5.04）分,显著高于对照组[（23.91±4.39）分],差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。观察组患者对护理工作的满意度为98.0%,显著高于对照组（84.0%）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论品管圈活动能够有效降低长期卧床患者坠积性肺炎的发生率,有助于改善患者的肺功能,提高患者希望水平和护理质量。

Objective To investigate the preventive effect of quality control circle on hypostatic pneumonia of bedridden patients in Department of Internal Medicine. Methods One hundred cases of hypostatic pneumonia of bedridden patients in Department of Internal Medicine, Jizhong Energy Xingtai Mining General Hospital from January 2012 to December 2013 were selected as research objects, and they were divided into observation group and control group according to the order of admission. The control group was given routine care, and the observation group was given quality control circle. The incidence of hypostatic pneumonia, conditions of lung function, hope level and satisfaction for nursing work of the two groups were observed and compared. Results There were 17 cases of hypostatic pneumonia in observation group, the incidence was 34.0%; there were 30 cases of hypostatic pneumonia in the control group, the incidence was 60.0%; the incidence of hypostatic pneumonia in the observation group was lower than that of control group, the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. One day before discharge, the lung function of the two groups was evaluated, which showed that, compared with admission, the levels of forced expiratory volume in first second（FEV1） and forced vital capacity（FVC） of the two groups were improved（P〈0.05）; and the improvement of FEV1 and FVC of observation group were better than those of control group, the differences were statistically significant（P〈0.05）. The scores of Herth hope index（HHI） on admission of observation group and control group were（23.02 ±3.13）,（22.63±5.87） points respectively, the difference was not statistically significant（P〉0.05）, both groups were at a low level. The score of HHI before discharge in the observation group was（33.67±5.04） points, which was higher than that of control group [（23.91 ±4.39） points], the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. The degree of satisfaction for nursing work in the observation group was 98.0%,which was higher than that of control group（84.0%）, the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Quality control circle can effectively reduce the incidence of hypostatic pneumonia of bedridden patients, which is helpful to improve lung function of patients and to enhance the hope level of patients and quality of nursing care.