竺可桢日记与刘东生野外地质记录本中的地学和古环境研究工作

PALEOCLIMATES AND GEOSCIENCE RESEARCH OF CHU KOCHEN AND LIU TUNGSHENG DURING THE CULTURE REVOLUTION IN CHINA

通过研究竺可桢先生日记并对照刘东生先生野外地质考察记录,发现二者有关古气候的研究与合作.在中国漫长的十年＆quot;文革＆quot;中,两代科学家在艰难的环境中仍然追求着他们梦中的理想和科学真理,他们的工作与贡献使得中国地学与古环境研究基本保持着与国际接轨,而因此在改革开放后某些研究领域处于领先地位.在一项新疆铁陨石科学研究过程中,虽然最后结果因样品不幸遗失而没有完成测年数据,成为科学界的一大遗憾,但是竺可桢先生在此期间的著作＆quot;中国近五千年来气候变迁的初步研究＆quot;和刘东生先生《黄土与环境》都成为第四纪与古气候领域的经典之作.文章采用比较日记资料与具体考察记录的研究方法,有助于研究科学技术史中的一些疑惑问题及了解科学家研究思想.

The collection of diary book of Professor Chu Kochen and the field Notebook of Professor Liu Tungsheng, revealed certain communications between them and showed scientific cooperation on the subject of paleoclimates and geological dating. During the ten years Culture Revolution period in China, despite the tough political environment and poor research work conditions, two generations of Chinese scientists were still dedicated to the pursue of the science. Their achievements and contributions in the fields geosciences and paleoclimates were targeted on the hot spot topics with scientific community in the world so that after the opening policies and economical reform of China, these research field stand quickly in the forefront. This paper discussed a scientific project of investigations of a Xinjiang meteorite, though the final experiments could not be carried out due to the missing of important samples, which was a huge loss, the cooperation between Professor Chu and Professor Liu built an essential chapter of this period of scientific research work. The master piece of their representative publications on ＂ China Climate Change in the Past Five Thousand Years＂ from Chu and ＂Loess and the Environment＂ from Liu become well-known in the climate change research, which have influences even today. By the method of studying the diaries of scientists with the special field investigation records, some questions in the history of natural sciences and the scientific ideas of scientists can be deduced for further studies in the future.