优秀三级跳远运动员方耀庆三跳技术特征的研究

Study of Three Jump Technical Characteristics of An Excellent Triple Jump Athlete Fang Yao-qing

运用调查法、文献资料法及实验法,对国家队三级跳远优秀运动员方耀庆的技术进行跟踪研究,以明确其技术特征,并进一步改进与提高运动技术与成绩。研究结果表明:第1跳在跑跳结合的环节上避免了伸腿够板的动作形式;第2、3跳入跳角随即减小、扇面角依跳次的增加而逐步加大,符合三级跳远中跑跳结合、连续跳跃不同用力方式的运动学原理;其三跳的水平速度递减率呈平稳变化状态,是技术稳定性的标志。前2跳以较小的速度利用值获取了较大的跳跃距离,其技术特征显示了明显的优越性,而第3跳离地瞬间形成身体的前倾姿态,导致了第3跳跳跃效果的降低。

In this paper,follow- up study is made,by the survey method,literature material method and experimental method,of technique of Fang Yao Qing an elite national triple jump athlete in Shanxi province,in order to make clear its technical characteristics,and further improve sports techniques and grades. The results show that：（ 1） in the run- up after the process of stride length,step velocity variation characteristics is in accordance with the requirement of modern triple jump run- up technology.（ 2） the first to jump on the run and jump in combination with link to avoid the leg board enough movement forms,Jump immediately jump Angle decreases,the second and third sector Angle is in accordance with the jump times gradually increased,conform to run the triple jump combination,continuous jump different kinematics principle of the hard way.（ 3） three horizontal velocity decrease steadily as state changes,this could be a sign of technical stability.（ 4） the first two jump at the rate of smaller value is used to collect the bigger jump distance,its technical characteristics shows obvious superiority,the third jump forms the body posture forward momentum,resulting in a loss of the third jump effect.