美国引进向日葵种子含油量和脂肪酸组成比较分析

Comparison of oil contents and fatty acid compositions of sunflower seeds introduced from the US

以天津检验检疫局引进的24种美国向日葵种子为原料,其中食用型和油用型种子各12种,测定了24种向日葵种子的含油量,并用气相色谱法测定了向日葵种子油脂肪酸组成及相对含量。结果表明：24种向日葵种子含油量介于33.26%~47.24%之间;向日葵种子油脂肪酸组成为棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸和亚油酸,油酸和亚油酸的相对含量较高,油酸相对含量介于16.07%~91.30%之间,亚油酸相对含量介于2.33%~71.45%之间,不饱和脂肪酸相对含量介于87.43%~93.63%之间;分析发现,油用型向日葵种子油的油酸含量相对较高,食用型向日葵种子油的亚油酸含量相对较高。

The 24 sunflower varieties introduced from the United States by Tianjin Entry - Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau were used as materials, including edible and oil types, each 12 varieties. The oil contents of 24 sunflower seeds were determined and the fatty acid compositions and contents of sunflower seed oils were determined by gas chromatography. The results showed that the oil contents of the 24 sun- flower seeds ranged from 33.26% to 47.24% ; the main fatty acids of sunflower seed oil were palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid, and the relative contents of oleic acid （16.07% - 91.30%） and linoleic acid （2. 33% -71.45%） were higher; the content of unsaturated fatty acids reached 87.43% -93.63%. It was found that oil type sunflower seeds had higher content of oleic acid, while edible type sunflower seeds had higher content of linoleic acid.