隧道掘进爆破振动波形特性分析

Vibration Waveform Characteristics Analysis of Every Period Number

以地铁隧道爆破施工为背景工程,通过监测隧道爆源正上方地表的振动,研究了隧道爆破振动波特性与爆破参数的关系,并分析了爆破振动波形各频带能量分布规律。通过研究分析,得出以下结论:(1)隧道掘进毫秒延期爆破,各段位爆破震动衰减规律各不相同,相对于k和α的修正方法,采用一个药量折减系数对单段药量进行修正更简便、更科学;(2)药量折减系数与最小抵抗线、临空面面积相关,其大小随着最小抵抗线的减小而减小,随着临空面面积的增大而减小;(3)运用Fourier变换得到振动波的频谱图,运用小波变换将振动波分解为若干频带,并绘制各频带能量分布图,两者结合更有利于分析振动波的优势频率,为减震、抗震提供依据。

This paper take the subway tunnel blasting construction engineering as the background project,monitored the particle velocity of road above the tunnel under blasting vibrating load,studied the relationship between tunnel blasting vibration and blasting parameters,analysed the energy distribution regularity of each frequency band of blasting vibration waveform. Through the research and analysis, came to the following conclusions:( 1) In millisecond delay blasting,vibration formulas of every period number are different,relative to the correction method about k and α,use reduction factor of explosive charge is more reasonable.( 2) Reduction factor of explosive charge has relations to do with minimum resist line and free surface. The reduction factor decreases with the decrease of minimum resist line,decreases with the increase of free surface.( 3) Using Fourier transform to get vibration wave frequency spectrogram,using wavelet transform to decompose vibration wave into a number of frequency bands and draw each frequency band energy distribution. Their combination can more conducive to analysis the advantage frequency of vibration wave,provide the basis for vibration reduction and anti-knock.