深井岩爆微震监测预警与防治成套技术研究

Complete Sets of Technique Research on Microseismic Monitoring,Early-warning and Prevention of Rock Burst in Deep Mining

为了研究深井回采过程中岩爆危险性实时监测预警的可能性和有效防护技术,以三山岛金矿深部试验采场为工程背景,首先,基于三维微震监测技术,对微震事件的"时、空、强"分布特征进行分析,得到微震活动率、能量释放率、连续性指数与日单事件平均能量"四位一体"的岩爆评价指标,确定岩爆可能发生的时间范围及危害程度;其次,通过微震三维定位技术,对可能发生岩爆灾害的危险区域进行圈定,确定岩爆可能发生的空间范围,成功地预测了两段轻微岩爆发生时期及具体发生位置;最后,通过采用高应力卸荷技术和柔性支护技术相结合的岩爆防治措施,将高应力进行阻隔和转移。事实证明:通过合理的岩爆监测手段,采取有效的岩爆防治措施,可以保证深部采场的安全开采。

In order to research the possibility of real-time monitoring and early-warning of rock burst hazards in deep mining,the deep test workface of San Shan Dao Gold Mine was taken as the engineering background. By analyzing the features of micro-seismic events including 'time,position,degree ' based on the micro seismic monitoring technology,the'four-in-one integrity'rock burst evaluation index including micro seismic activity rate,energy release rate,the continuity index and the average energy at a single event in one day was got,and the way of regional monitoring and early warning of rock burst was studied and the occurrence period and the specific location of two minor rock burst was successfully predicted. Finally,the high stress was blocked and transferred by using the combination of high stress unloading technology and flexible support technology. It is proved that the effective rock burst prevention and control measures can ensure the safe exploitation of deep mining through reasonable rock burst monitoring means.