深圳前海地下道路人员逃生疏散研究

Study on the Escape and Evacuation of Underground Road in Shenzhen Qianhai

深圳市前海地下道路,具有地下立交、多点进出、变截面、长度特长等突出的结构特点,其火灾特性、疏散救援组织等更为复杂,因此需对地下道路逃生疏散结构设计的合理性进行研究。首先对地下道路疏散通道逃生出口通行能力、大型车辆人员疏散时间关键参数进行了现场实验研究,其次采用CFD软件模拟地下道路火灾烟气发展规律并确定可用安全疏散时间ASET,最后采用STEPS软件模拟地下道路人员疏散逃生所需安全疏散时间RSET。结果显示地下道路发生火灾时,人员基本8 min内可以疏散到无火灾隧道,但为保证人员均能在危险到来前安全疏散,应及时开启通风系统,以保证温度、CO浓度及可见度均在忍耐范围内。

With the outstanding structural characteristics,such as underground grade separations,multi-point accesses,variable cross-section,extra-long length,and so on,the fire characteristics,evacuation and rescue organizations of Shenzhen Qianhai underground road are more complicated. Therefore,it is necessary to study the rationality of evacuation design of underground road. Firstly,an experimental investigation was conducted for the key parameters of the traffic capacity of the escape export of the underground road and the evacuation time of large vehicle occupant. Secondly,the CFD software was used to simulate the rules of development of the fire smoke in underground road and the available safety egress time can be determined. Finally,the STEPS software was used to simulate the required safety egress time for personnel evacuation of underground road. when the underground road is on fire,the results show that people can be evacuated to non-fire tunnel within 8 minutes,but the system of ventilation should be turned on timely to ensure that the temperature,CO concentration and visibility is in the range of patience,and it is ensured that all people can be evacuated safely before danger arrives.