高校科技创新全要素生产率增长的差异与收敛

Regional Diversity and Convergence of TFP Growth of Science and Technology Innovation in Chinese Universities

利用Sequential Malmquist指数方法评价中国29个省份1998—2012年高校科技创新全要素生产率增长,并将其分解为纯技术效率变化、纯技术进步和规模报酬变动,继而对高校科技创新全要素生产率增长及其分解的差异及收敛进行实证检验。研究发现,高校科技创新全要素生产率总体呈现增长态势。其中,全部省份的高校科技创新均实现了技术进步,但高校科技创新纯技术效率则显著下降,且总体处于规模报酬递减阶段;高校科技创新全要素生产率增长及其分解在区域层面和省级层面均不同程度上存在空间分布差异;高校科技创新全要素生产率增长及其分解的σ指标值呈现波动下降态势,并且各指标值均存在显著的绝对β收敛。最后,提出针对性政策建议。

In this paper, The TFP （Total Factor Productivity） growth and decomposition of science and technology innovation in uni- versities during 1998-2012 was measured by using Sequential Malmquist Index method. On this basis, The regional differences and convergences were also analyzed by using the empirical tests approach. The results showed that TFP of science and technology innovation in universities has been increased generally and technology also has gained obvious progress in all provinces of China. On the contrary, pure technical efficiency of science and technology innovation in universities of China deteriorated, and was still in the scale stage of di- minishing returns. Finally, through above study, some conclusions can be drawn that spatial distribution diversities of different extent exists in both regional and provincial level in TFP growth and its decomposition of science and technology innovation in universities. TFP growth of science and technology innovation in universities and its decomposition σ index value showed a fluctuant and downward trend and all index values showed an absolute β.