转基因技术:糖尿病的动物模型构建及治疗

Transgenic Technology: Establishment of Animal Models and Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus

糖尿病是严重危害人类健康的疾病,近年来,随着转基因理论及技术的发展,很多科学家都致力于应用转基因技术治疗糖尿病,并取得了显著成效。主要综述了目前在转基因糖尿病动物模型构建和糖尿病治疗方面取得的诸多成果,以及面临的挑战。提出了今后在建立高效的胰岛素基因转移体系、选择与β细胞生理特点相似又免受自身免疫系统攻击的靶细胞、基因表达的持续性和糖尿病易感基因的鉴定等方向的突破,可以加快糖尿病的基因治疗用于临床的步伐。

Diabetes mellitus endangers human health seriously. In recent years, with the development of transgenic theory and technology, many researchers are devoted to treat diabetes by applying transgenic technology. Therefore, some remarkable achievements have been achieved. This review describes the current achievements and challenges in the establishment of animal models and treatment of D. mellitus by transgenic technology. In future the breakthroughs from following aspects may accelerate the gene therapy of D. mellitus in clinical practice, such as the establishment of effective insulin gene transfer system, selection of target cells resembling physiological characteristics of β cells and preventing them from the attack of own immune system, sustainability of gene expression and identification of D. mellitus susceptible genes.