中国慢性病前瞻性研究：10个项目地区成年人群吸烟行为特征差异分析

Regional differences in adults＇ smoking pattern： findings from China Kadoorie Biobank study in 10 areas in China

目的 描述中国慢性病前瞻性研究（CKB）10个项目地区成年人群吸烟行为特征的地区差异.方法 剔除CKB基线调查时自报患有冠心病、卒中、肿瘤和慢性阻塞性肺病的个体,分析10个项目地区452 829名30～79岁调查对象吸烟行为的地区差异.结果 男性当前吸烟率（64.2％）明显高于女性（2.1％）.哈尔滨（10.5％）和四川（8.5％）项目地区的女性当前吸烟率明显高于其他地区;湖南和四川项目地区男性当前吸烟率（68.8％和67.2％）及每日吸烟量（20.9支和21.5支）均较高;海口当前吸烟率虽然最低（49.9％）,但每日吸烟量最高（21.9支）;甘肃当前吸烟率最高（71.4％）,但每日吸烟量较低（14.9支）.男性当前吸烟者以过滤嘴香烟的使用率最高（88.3％）;手卷烟/旱烟主要见于四川（38.8％）和甘肃（37.8％）,而烟斗/水烟主要见于河南（14.6％）项目地区.结论 CKB的10个项目地区人群无论在吸烟率还是吸烟者使用烟草品种、吸烟量、吸入深度等特征上均存在明显的地区差异.

Objective To describe the regional differences in adults＆#39; smoking pattern found by China Kadoorie Biobank （CKB） study involving half million adults in 10 areas in China.Methods After exclusion of the adults with self reported histories of coronary heart disease, stroke, cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at baseline survey, the area specific differences in smoking pattern of 452 829 subjects aged 30-79 years was analyzed.Results The overall rate of current smoker was higher in males （64.2%） than in females （2.1%）.For females, the current smoker rate was higher in Harbin （10.5%） and Sichuan （8.5%） than in other areas.For males, the current smoker rate and the average numbers of cigarettes smoked per day were high in Hunan （68.8%, 20.9） and Sichuan （67.2%, 21.5）;the current smoker rate was lowest （49.9%） but the average number of cigarettes smoked per day was highest （21.9） in Haikou.On the other hand, Gansu showed the highest rate of current smoker （71.4%） with a lower mean number of cigarettes smoked per day （14.9）.Most current smokers in males （88.3%） smoked filter cigarettes, while hand-rolled cigarettes were commonly used in Sichuan （38.8%） and Gansu （37.8%） and pipes or water pipe were mainly used in Henan （14.6%）.Conclusion The rate of current smoker and other patterns of smoking including cigarette type, daily amount and inhalation depth varied greatly among the adults in 10 areas covered by CKB study.