摘要
PM2.5是城市大气的主要污染物,对人体健康危害巨大。研究PM2.5的形貌特征及矿物组成有助于解析PM2.5的来源和贡献及评估PM2.5对人体健康的风险。利用高分辨率场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)和能谱(SEM-EDX)对以石化为支柱产业的奎屯-独山子石化区域生活区和工业区的夏季、秋季PM2.5的形貌和矿物类型进行了分析。结果表明,奎屯-独山子的PM2.5主要包括矿物颗粒(规则矿物、不规则矿物)、烟尘集合体、球形颗粒(燃煤飞灰和二次粒子)、其他颗粒(生物质、未知颗粒)等4种类型,其中矿物颗粒在数量上和体积上均占优势。夏季规则矿物颗粒较多。从元素组成分析看,夏季PM2.5有"富Si"、"富Al"、"富Fe"、"富Ca"、"富Cu"、"富Zn"等类型,秋季PM2.5有"富Si"、"富Ca"、"富Fe"、"富Zn"、"富Cu"、"富Ti"、"富Ba"等类型,2个季节均以"富Si"颗粒占优势,表明道路扬尘、燃油飞灰、燃煤飞灰、工业粉尘、机动车尾气尘、城市扬尘等污染源是奎屯-独山子石化区夏季和秋季大气污染的主要来源。
Atmospheric particles PMzs samples collected in Kuitun-Dushanzi region in the different seasons were analyzed. A high-resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy （FESEM） were used to identify the morphology of PM2.~ in Kuitun - Dushanzi region of Xinjiang. It has been identified from the image analysis that the single particle mainly consists of mineral particles , spherical particles, soot aggregates, other particles （ biomass, fiber, ultra-fine unknown particles）. Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with energy dispersed X-ray Spectrometry（SEM-EDX） was used to analyze the chemical element composition of mineral particles in the atmospheric PMz 5 of the petrochemical area, according to spectroscopy analysis , the petrochemical area particles were divided into 6 different types, ＂Si-rich＂,＂ Al-rich＂, ＂Fe-rich＂, ＂Ca-rich＂,＂ Cu-rich＂, ＂Zn-rich＂ in summer,＂ Si- rich＂, ＂Ca-rich＂, ＂ Fe-rich＂, ＂ Cu-rich＂, ＂Ti-rich＂, ＂ Zn-rich＂, ＂ Ba-rich＂ in fall. ＂ Si-rich＂ is dominant for two seasons. Results reveal that,road dust , fact0ries,power plants, motor vehicle exhaust, are Kuitun- Dushanzi region＇ s main source of air pollution.
出处
《中国环境监测》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第5期61-66,共6页
Environmental Monitoring in China
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区科技厅高技术研究发展项目(201216148)
