水源地污染源无人机遥感监测

Monitoring of Water Source using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Remote Sensing Technology

无人机遥感是近年新兴的航空遥感技术,随着无人机平台与载荷的不断进步,其研究应用愈加深入,已广泛应用于各行业领域,并作为卫星遥感技术的补充,愈加发挥着重要作用。为拓展无人机遥感技术应用潜力,分析无人机在环保领域应用效果,以扬州市南水北调工程东线输水水域的水源地为研究区域,基于其污染源特征及周边生态环境状况,研究无人机平台与载荷搭配(可见光与热红外)技术,监测研究区污染源,分析其对水质的潜在影响。结果表明,研究区存在多处污染源,主要为点源污染(工业点源、水产养殖、生活污水),面源污染(河道码头、水土流失、农业)和内源污染(航运船舶、桥梁交通运输、渔民生活)等,同时,发现某助剂厂隐藏在水面下的4个排污口。该项技术的实验研究,发挥了无人机平台与载荷搭配应用效果,获取了污染源的类型、数量、空间分布及其扩散形态,为水源地无人机遥感技术应用奠定了工作基础。

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle （UAV） remote sensing is a new technology in recent years,with the development of UAV＇ s platform and payload, its research is increasingly enhanced and is applied in many fields. In order to expand its potentials and analyze its application effects in environmental protection, this paper took the water source of The Eastern Water Transfer Project from the South to the North in Yangzhou as the study area to research on the combination of UAV platform and payload （ Visible and thermal Infrared） on the basis of the water source＇ character and its surrounding environment,in addition, to monitor the pollution sources in the study area and to analyze the potential effects. The results showed that there were many pollution sources including point-source pollution （ industry, aquaculture, sewage） , area-source pollution （ pier, soil erosion, agriculture） and inner- source pollution （Shipping vessels, bridges transportation, fishermen） , moreover, we found four sewage outlets under water. The research on UAV indicated the important effects in the combination of platform and payload of UAV,acquired the types,amount, distribution and diffusion form of the pollution sources, what is more, build the foundation of monitoring in the water source using UAV technology.