中国青年军人社会期望现况凋查及其对情绪状态和心理健康的影响

Chinese young soldiers ' social desirability and its effect on emotional state and mental health

目的研究青年军人社会期望在人口学资料上的差异,并探讨社会期望对青年军人情绪状态和心理健康的影响。方法选择驻京某陆军和武警部队850名官兵发放《Marlowe-Crowne社会期望量表》《症状自评量表》《状态特质焦虑量表》《流调中心用抑郁量表》《焦虑敏感性指数量表-3》和《军事应激反应性焦虑预测量表》等心理问卷,对其进行评估和分析。结果 1青年军人社会期望在性别、服役年限、军种(武警/陆军)、职别(士兵/士官/干部)以及籍贯等人口学维度上差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但是否独生子女和文化程度两个维度具有显著性差异(F=8.561,P=0.004;F=3.354,P=0.035),高中和中专学历军人社会期望值高于大学以上学历军人(LSD-t=1.086,P=0.021)。2低社会期望组在CESD、STAI、SMMU-A和ASI量表得分均显著高于高社会期望组(P<0.001)。3低社会期望组在SCL-90总分及各分量表得分均显著高于高社会期望组(P<0.001)。4社会期望与情绪状态和心理健康相关(P<0.01)。结论低学历军人和非独生子女军人对社会期望的依赖程度高于高学历和独生子女军人,而高社会期望的军人呈现较好的情绪状态和心理健康水平。

Objective To research the difference of young soldiers＇ social desirability from the demographic data,and explore the effect of the social desirability on the emotional state and mental health.Methods Marlowe-Crowne social desirability（ MCSD）,symptom checklist-90（ SCL-90）,state-trait anxiety inventory（ STAI）,center for epidemiologic studies depression scale（ CES-D）,anxiety sensitivity index Ⅲ（ ASI-3） and SMMU military stress reactional anxiety prediction scale（ SMMU-A） were tested in the army forces and armed police forces in Beijing,and 811 questionnaires were collected effectively. Results The young soldiers＇ social desirability had no statistically significant differences in the gender,service length,service（ armed police / army）,job title（ soldiers / officers / cadres） and native place（ P 0. 05）. However,the only-child and education degree had significant differences（ F = 8. 561,P = 0. 004; F = 3. 354,P =0. 035）,and the soldiers with education degree of high school or technical secondary school had higher social desirability than the ones with college education degree or above（ LSD-t = 1. 086,P = 0. 021）. The soldiers with low social desirability scored higher than the ones with high social desirability in the CESD,STAI,SMMU-A and ASI scale（ P 0. 001）. The solders with low social desirability also scored higher than the ones with high social desirability in the total scores and single-item scores of SCL-90（ P 0. 001）.Social desirability was significantly associated with the emotional state and mental health（ P 0. 01）.Conclusion The soldiers with low education degree and the non-only-child solders rely more on the social desirability than the ones with high education degree and the only-child ones. The solders with high social desirability have better emotional state and mental health.