炼制高酸原油存在的问题和对策

Problems and Countermeasures of Refining High-acidity Crude Oil

通过对高酸原油特点的分析,以及对在炼制高酸原油过程中存在的诸如原油脱盐、脱水难度大、腐蚀设备、有毒有害物质泄漏和污染环境等问题进行深入研究,分别从工艺方面提出了优化原油性质,提高脱盐脱水预处理效果,注碱、注高效破乳剂和注高温缓蚀剂等优化措施;从设备方面提出了分析Fe2+离子、检测氢通量、安装腐蚀探针及测厚等监控措施;从安全环保方面提出了增强员工安全环保意识、加大生产装置现场的安全环保管理力度、定期开展安全环保的应急事故演练活动,提高员工的安全环保水平等应对措施,达到减缓高酸原油对设备和管道的腐蚀、结垢或堵塞,避免后续加工过程催化剂中毒和提高产品质量的目的。

Through analyzing the characteristics of high- acidity crude oil and intensive study such exis- ted problems in refining high - acidity crude oil as great difficulty in desahing and dewatering from high - acidity crude oil, epuipment corrosion,leaking of hazardous chemicals and environment pollution, the cou- ntmeasures from the aspects of optimizing process operation, strengthening equipment monitoring and per- fecting the system of safety and environmental management are put forward, which could achieve the goal of alleviating the corrosion and jamming of equipment, avoiding poisoning of catalyst in downstream process and improving the quality of products.