不同林地类型对土壤性质和线虫群落结构的影响

Effects of Different Types of Woodland on Soil Properties and Soil Nematode Community Structure

红壤地区旱地土壤酸性强、肥力低,不同林地类型条件会对土壤性质和线虫群落产生不同的影响。为了探究土壤响应情况,研究采用未开垦撂荒地为对照,选取了退耕还林和板栗林2种不同林地类型的土壤,对比其土壤理化性质和微生物性质及线虫群落的特征变化。结果表明,板栗林土壤有机碳、全氮含量最高,分别为16.41g/kg和0.46g/kg;而荒地土壤中土壤微生物生物量碳、氮、磷含量最高,同时基础呼吸为28.36mg/(kg·d),显著高于另外2种土壤(P<0.05)。同时荒地中土壤线虫数量达到最高,而线虫群落结构在3种类型的土壤表现出完全不同的构成,其中荒地中植食者为优势类群,而退耕还林和板栗林中分别以捕/杂食者和食细菌者为优势类群,且不同林地类型对线虫群落各生态指数的影响并不一致;与荒地相比,其他2种土壤的性质和线虫的群落均呈现出退化的趋势。这些结果对当地的林地规划有一定的指导意义。

With strong acidity and low fertility,different types of woodland will produce different effects on soil properties and nematode communities in upland red soil area.In this study,two different types of woodland were selected to investigate the changes of soil properties and nematode assemblages compared to wasteland.The results showed that,the content of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen in chestnut soil were the highest,16.41g/kg and 0.46g/kg respectively;while the highest contents of soil microbial biomass carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus appeared in wasteland soil;and basal respiration of wasteland soil was 28.36mg/（kg·d）,significantly higher than the other two soils（P〈0.05）.The nematode abundance also reached the peak in wasteland soil.Three types of soil exhibited a completely different nematode community structure：the dominant tropic group in wasteland soil was herbivores,while omnivores/predators and bacterivors in forest from farmland and chestnut forest soil,respectively.The influence of different types of woodland on ecological indices of nematode communities was not consistent.Degradation trends of soil properties and nematode assemblages were presented in the two woodland types comparedwith wasteland soil.These results have certain guidance for the local woodland planning.