小额诉讼程序设计构想

Design Conception of Small Claims Procedure

面对日益高涨的案件分流、法院减压的司法呼吁,小额诉讼程序应运而生,短短时间便从试点试验上升为正式法定程序。但我国法院本位的错误定位使得小额程序在司法实践中频频遇冷,除了中国式困境外,综合借鉴国外小额诉讼程序的实践经验,发现小额诉讼程序的设计本身便蕴含着多重矛盾,需要未雨绸缪,及时构建配套措施予以矫正。除了具体程序的细致化设计外,应准确定位小额诉讼程序的功能价值,确立当事人本位,同时发挥法官职权主义在推动程序高效进行、作出公正判决的积极作用,并借助替代性纠纷解决机制的完善,规避小额诉讼程序的滥诉风险。

Facing the dilemma of the burden of court＇s heavy workload and the judicial call from the cout, Small claims, It becomes a formal legal process from pilot tests in a short time, came into being to reduce pressure. However, Small claims procedure has encountered difficlalties in the judicial practice of our country because of doctrine of the court in China. In addition, by learning from the foreign experience, we find that it itself has lots of contradictions, which should be resolved through effective measures in advance. Besides detailed program design, legislation should take the interests of parties as the center instead of the court＇ s interests and should strengthen doctrine of power＇ s positive function such as high efficiency and reasonable judgement. What＇ s more, alternative dispute resolution plays an important role in reducing excess of litigation.