科威特什叶派问题初探

An Initial Study of the the Shiite Problem in Kuwait

科威特政权的性质及其温和政策决定了该国什叶派问题的表现形式。科威特什叶派来自外地,分属波斯人和阿拉伯人,具有多样性的特点。他们受到一定歧视,但享有较多的经济和政治机会,并长期与萨巴赫家族结盟。20世纪70年代以来,在伊拉克和伊朗的影响下,科威特什叶派开始政治化,极少数人参与了暴力活动。海湾危机改善了科威特两大教派的关系,增强了其内部认同。进入新千年后,什叶派建立了多个组织,但其缺乏凝聚力,什叶派政治力量处于多元化状态。2006年以来,什叶派积极支持科威特政府应对逊尼派反对派的挑战。长远而言,科威特什叶派的处境不会发生重大变化。

The nature of the regime in Kuwait and its moderate policies determine the form of the country's Shiite problem.Being Arabs and Persians,Kuwait's Shiites came from other places and demonstrated the characteristics of diversity.Although they are subject to certain discrimination,they enjoy many economic and political opportunities,and form a long-term alliance with the Sabbah family.Since the 1970 s,Shias in Kuwait began to be politicalized because of the influence of Iraq and Iran,and a small number of them participated in violent activities.The Gulf crisis has improved the relationship between the two major sects in Kuwait and enhanced Shiite internal identity.After the new millennium the Shiites established a number of organizations,but they are still lack of cohesion,and Shiite political forces are in a diversified state.Since 2006,the Shias have actively supported the government of Kuwait to deal with the challenges of Sunni opposition.In the long run,the situation of Shias in Kuwait will not change greatly.