城镇居民食品补贴政策选择研究——基于价格补贴效果与收入补贴效果的比较

Research on Selection of Urban Residents' Food Subsidy Policy Alternatives Based on Comparing the Effect of Price Subsidies and Income Subsidies

引入家庭的收入水平、抚养比、参加医保状态、受教育水平、健康状况和职业层次等人口特征变量建立QUAIDS模型,定量研究了不同特征的城镇家庭面临食品价格上涨时承受能力的差异及其原因,同时通过政策模拟比较价格补贴和收入补贴的补贴效率和收入分配效应。研究发现:我国城镇居民收入和食品消费的不平等还很严重,相比于价格补贴,收入补贴是更好的政策选择,有针对性地对弱势群体采取收入补贴政策将以较小的财政成本实现政府的目标。最后,本文提出了相应的对策建议。

This paper employedthe variables of population feature such as family income level, dependency ratio, health insurance status ,education level ,health status and occupation level to establish the QUAIDS model ,then quantitatively studied the different affordability and the reasons of urban families facing the food prices rising,and at the same time through policy simulation compared the subsidy efficiency and income distribution effect between the price subsidies and income subsidy. The study found that ： China＇s urban residents＇ income and food consumption inequality is also very serious. Compm＇ed to the price subsidy,income subsidies are better policy choice. Targeted to weak groups to take income subsidy policy will achieve the goal of government on a lower cost. Finally,this paper gave some corresponding suggestions.