小型炼油厂对浅层地下水有机污染特征分析——以山东临淄为例

Analysis on Organic Pollution Characteristics of Small Oil Refineries to Shallow Groundwater——Setting Linzi in Shandong Province as an Example

研究区主要污染源为分布众多的小型炼油厂,产生的工业废水中含较多的单环芳烃类、卤代烃类、多环芳烃类等有机污染物。据调查,该区浅层地下水已受到有机污染,所采取的27组水质分析样品中均有有机物检出,以卤代烃类和有机氯农药类检出率最高,氯代苯类均未检出。其中有3组样品1,1,2-三氯乙烷超过地下水质量标准Ⅲ类标准限值,最高超标27.4倍。采用综合评价法,得出该区地下水质量级别为较差的主要分布于排污河渠两岸,个别位于小型炼油厂附近,地下水污染较为严重的区域主要分布于淄河排污河渠两岸及杨家店周边地区。该区小型炼油厂对浅层地下水的有机污染主要体现为卤代烃类污染,卤代烃总量大于5μg/L的区段位于皇城-敬仲-梧台一带和杨家店附近地区。小型炼油厂向淄河偷排污水以及少数小型炼油厂将污水通过渗井注入地下,是造成研究区域浅层地下水污染的重要原因。

Major pollution sources in study area are many small type oil refineries.These oil refineries have produced lots of industrial wastewater which contain more monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,halogenated hydrocarbons,polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons organic pollutants.According to the survey,shallow groundwater in this area has been polluted.Organic compounds have been detected in 27 groups of water samples collected in this area.The detection rate of chlorinated hydrocarbons and organochlorine pesticides are the highest,while the chlorine has not been detected.1,1,2 - trichloroethane in three samples excee-ded the standard limit of Ⅲ type,and the maximum rate is over 27.4 times.By using comprehensive evalu-ation method,it is regarded that underground water with poor quality mainly distributed in the both sides of the pollution discharge river,and individuals located near the small refineries.Serious groundwater pol-luted areas mainly distributed in both sides of Zihe pollution discharge river and surrounding areas of Yangjiadian area.Pollution of small refineries to shallow groundwater are mainly halogenated hydrocar-bons,and halogenated hydrocarbons amount is over than 5μg/L.It mainly located in Huangcheng-Jing-zhong-Wutai and Yangjiadian areas.Small oil refineries discharge sewage intoZihe river and a few small refineries inject sewage into underground water through the pits.It has caused shallow groundwater pollu-tion in the study area.