妊娠建立和维持的分子机制

Molecular Basis of Pregnancy Establishment and Maintenance

国家重大科学研究计划项目"妊娠建立和维持的分子机制研究"实施近5年来,围绕"胚胎与母体相互作用决定妊娠结局的分子机制是什么?"这一核心科学问题,以"胚胎着床决定妊娠结局"这一全新理念为主线,在已有工作的基础上,利用多种转基因、组织特异性基因敲除小鼠模型和我国丰富的人类临床资源,集成和运用组学、遗传/表观遗传学、细胞/分子生物学等传统和新兴技术,在囊胚获得着床能力的分子基础、胚胎着床和子宫内膜—蜕膜转化的分子调节机制、胎盘发育与妊娠维持的调控、妊娠维持的免疫调节机制以及先兆子痫等妊娠疾病的发生机制等方面取得了重要进展,为我国胚胎着床和胎盘发育研究奠定了科学基础,为解决关键技术问题做出了贡献。本文对该项目的研究思路与主要研究成果做一介绍。

The National Basic Research Program entitled as ＂The molecular basis of pregnancy establishment and maintenance＂ has been implemented approximately five years. During these years, in order to solve the core scientific question of this project ： ＂what is the molecular basis of embryo-uterine interactions during pregnancy＂, along with the new concept that embryo implantation de- termines pregnancy outcome, based on our previous works, we employed multiple genetically modified and tissue-specific knockout mouse models as well as human clinical resources, combined with genomics, genetic/ epigenetics, cellular/molecular biology and other tradi- tional and emerging technologies to address the core sci- entific question. Multiple achievements have been ob- tained elicited in the following aspects： molecular basis of embryo activation and accurate allocation, the regula- tory mechanism of embryo implantation and decidualiza- tion, the molecular mechanism of placenta trophoblast differentiation, the role of immune-related molecular during pregnancy and the role of micro RNA in pre- eclampsia. Besides providing novel scientific founda- tions and new techniques in our understanding of physi- ological aspects of pregnancy and pathological seeds of pregnancy-related diseases, our joined investigationhas also further shed lights on developing novel strategies for diagnosis and therapy pregnancy disorders in humans.