唐代都城规划市区内部形态再探

On the Internal Form of the Capital Planning Market in Tang Dynasty

隋唐时期在兴建都城时,通过对城市的空间结构以及各功能区的设计规划,作为中央威权实施政令的权力象征与国家意志的体现。其中规整的市坊区位的设置和布局,是城市形态中物质环境的重要部分。封闭之市的概念终结于宋代,被定义为市的空间内部在唐代究竟是怎样的结构,由于史料的缺失,有些看法包括对坊市制一些基本问题的解释还存有预设结论之嫌。撇开经济组织和交易场所的市,作为聚居空问,对市内形态与居住者的身份,以及对市与坊的同步关注,将有助于加深对坊市制度渐趋解体过程的理解。从现在发现的墓志来看,即或是在严格的市制管理下,市内居住者的身份也是多元的。而墓志中记载的坊里信息,尤其在坊里之外市内材料的补充,为我们提供了新的研究视角。

When the capital was built in Sui and Tang dynasty,the space structure of city and the design plan of the functional areas,it shows the power symbolize of a central authoritarian decree and a state will.Among them,the neat market set and layout are important parts of physical environment in the urban form.The concept of 'closed market(Shi) ' ended in Song dynasty.What is the structure of the 'Shi' in the space of the Tang dynasty,due to the lack of historical materials,some views on some basic problems including the 'Fang-shi' system explanation is being suspected of default conclusion.Apart from the market of economic organizations and trading places,as the settlement space,the form in market,the identity of residents,and the synchronous attention to 'Fang-shi' system,it helps to understand deeply the collapse course of the market and fang system gradually.From now found epitaph to observe,the identity of the city dwellers is also diverse,even in the strict management system of the market.And information in the epitaph records of the ' Fang',especially ' Fangli' in the supplementary material in the ' Shi',we provides a new perspective for our research.