凹山采场高陡边坡生态再造实践

Practice of the Ecological Reconstruction of High and Steep Slope in Aoshan Stope

为探索利用植被护坡方法维护露天高陡边坡稳定的可行性及生态效益，针对凹山采场西南帮15～45 m 台阶岩石和黄土裸露、寸草不生的约5000 m2边坡进行植被重建、生态再造试验，着重考察了植被盖度、物种丰富度指数、景观协调性等指标。试验结果表明：采用厚层基材喷播工艺施工的护坡能够抵挡雨水的侵蚀，避免基质流失，经过半年的养护，植被覆盖率达90％以上，维护边坡稳定和抗侵蚀性的作用显现，同时修复了山体“伤疤”，消除了治理区裸露边坡视觉污染，改善了矿山景观，对国内其他金属矿山的生态恢复工程有较好的启发和借鉴作用。

In order to analyze the feasibility and ecological benefits of maintaining the high and steep open-pit slope by using vegetation slope protection method,vegetation reconstruction and ecological reconstruction experiments are conducted at the slope which is loess naked and bare of 5 000 m2 with steps of 15 ~45 m at the southwest region in Aoshan stope.The index of vegetation coverage,species richness and landscape coordination are analyzed.The experimental results show that the slope construc-ted by the thick layer base material spraying technology is able to resist the rain erosion and avoid loss matrix,the vegetation coverage is reached to more than 90% by six months maintenance,the effects of maintaining slope stability and erosion resistance are appeared,the mountain are repaired,the visual pol-lution of the bare slope in the governance area is eliminated,the mining landscape is improved.The re-search results in this paper can provide reference for the ecological restoration project in the other metal mines in our country.