槟榔提取物对球虫感染鸡血液指标及抗球虫效果的影响

Effect of Areca Nut Extract on Blood Indexes and Anticoccidial Efficacy of Chickens Infected with Eimeria tenella

本试验旨在研究槟榔提取物对感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫鸡血液指标及抗球虫效果的影响。选取270只1日龄文昌鸡公鸡,随机分为6个组,分别为空白对照组、阴性对照组、阳性对照组及槟榔1、2、3组,其中,3个对照组均饲喂雏鸡基础日粮,槟榔1、2、3组分别饲喂在基础日粮中添加200、400、600mg/kg槟榔提取物粉剂的试验日粮。15日龄时,随机从每组中抽取30只体重相近的鸡,除空白对照组外,各组每只试验鸡经口灌服1mL含1×105个球虫孢子化卵囊的生理盐水混合液。结果表明:1感染后第6、9天,与空白对照组、阳性对照组相比,槟榔1、2、3组和阴性对照组血液中红细胞数、血红蛋白浓度、红细胞比容降低;2感染后第3、9天,与空白对照组相比,阳性对照组和槟榔1组血清中总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白含量升高;感染后第9天,槟榔2、3组血清中谷丙转氨酶含量较空白对照组、阳性对照组显著降低(P<0.05),槟榔1组血清中尿酸含量较阴性对照组、阳性对照组及槟榔2、3组显著降低(P<0.05);感染后第6天,阴性对照组血清中Na+、Cl-浓度较空白对照组、阳性对照组显著降低(P<0.05),槟榔1组Na+、Cl-浓度与3个对照组间差异均不显著(P>0.05);3槟榔1、2、3组的抗球虫指数分别为128.48、126.53和141.11。综上所述,日粮中添加200、400和600mg/kg槟榔提取物粉剂对于球虫感染鸡抗球虫药效中等;200、400mg/kg槟榔提取物粉剂可维持感染球虫鸡血清中Na+、Cl-浓度的稳定,降低肝脏损伤。

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of areca nut extract on blood indexes and anticoccidial efficacy of chickens infected with Eimeria tenella.270 Wenchang chickens at 1day-old were randomly divided into six groups,which were non-infected control group,negative control group,positive control group and areca nut groups 1,2and 3.Areca nut groups 1,2and 3were fed the basal diets supplemented with 200,400 and 600mg/kg areca nut extract powder throughout the experiment,respectively,while three control groups only fed the basal diets.At 15 days of age,30 chickens from each group that had similar weight except non-infected control group were inoculated with an oral dose of a normal saline mixture of 1×105 sporulated oocysts（1mL/head）.The results showed as follows：1On post-inoculation days 6and 9,in contrast with non-infected control group and positive control group,blood RBC,Hb and PCV in arecanut groups 1,2and 3and negative control group were decreased.2Compared with non-infected control group,the contents of serum TP,ALB and GLB in positive control group and areca nut group 1were increased on post-inoculation days 3and 9;On day 9post-inoculation,the ALT content in serum of areca nut groups 2and 3were significantly decreased than that of non-infected control group and positive control group（P〈0.05）,the serum UA content of areca nut group 1was significantly decreased than that of negative control group,positive control group and areca nut group 2and 3on day 9post-inoculation（P〈0.05）;On day 6post-inoculation,the serum Na^＋and Cl^-concentrations of negative control group were significantly decreased than that of non-infected control group and positive control group（P〈0.05）,there were no significant differences in the Na^＋and Cl^-concentrations among areca nut group 1and three control groups（P〈0.05）.3The ACI of areca nut groups 1,2and 3were 128.48,126.53,141.11,respectively.In conclusion,200,400 and 600mg/kg areca nut extract powder which were added to basal diet had middle anticoccidial effect.In addition,200 and 400 mg/kg areca nut powder could maintain the normal Na^＋and Cl^-concentrations in serum and reduce the liver injury of chickens infected with Eimeria tenella.