面向舰船应用的直线电机泵控制策略及振动试验研究

Research of the Control Strategy and Vibration Test of Linear Motor Driven Piston Pump for Marine Application

为了解决传统船用泵振动噪声大、流量脉动高以及控制方式单一等问题,提出了一种新型直线电机驱动柱塞泵结构.以直线电机驱动柱塞泵系统为研究对象,研究了直驱泵的恒流量工作原理,构建了不同运动曲线的数学模型,仿真分析了直线电机对于不同运动控制模式和运动曲线的动态响应特性,并经过样机试验验证了控制策略的可靠性及减振效果.试验结果表明:基于Labview的速度规划控制程序具有良好的操控特性,直线电机的速度特性满足直驱柱塞泵高频高速往复运动的要求;泵用电机以PVT运动模式下三角波和S形波速度规划运行,直线电机最大跟随误差为87.5μm和91μm,均小于Spline运动模式下的三角波和S形速度曲线,有利于减小直驱柱塞泵组合流量的脉动和系统振动;试验系统的振动幅值在径向得到了约70%的削弱,其他方向也有较好的减振效果,验证了直驱柱塞泵系统以三角波/PVT模式运行时振动响应特性较为良好,系统振动得到了较大程度的削弱.

In order to solve the problem of large vibration noise,high flow pulsation and simple control mode of the traditional marine pump,this paper proposed a piston pump driven by linear motor. With the linear motor driven piston pump system as the research object,the linear motor driven piston pump working principle of the constant flow was studied and the mathematical model of different motion curve was established. Then,the simulation analysis and experimental test of the linear motor dynamic response for different motion control mode and motion curve were conducted. Experimental results and the conclusions show that the speed planning control program which based on Labview has good controlling characteristics. Servo characteristics of permanent magnet synchronous linear motor can meet the highspeed and high-frequency working requirements of direct-driven reciprocating piston pump. The maximum following error of triangular and S wave velocity curve under PVT motion mode was 87. 5 μm and 91 μm.Either triangular wave velocity curve or S-wave velocity curve,the maximum following error of linear motor under PVT motion mode was less than that of Spline motion mode. It is beneficial to reduce the direct-driven piston pump combination flow pulsation and system vibration. The vibration amplitude of system in the radial direction was weakened by about 70%,and the other direction also had gooddamping effect. A series of vibration experiments demonstrate that the vibration response characteristic of linear motor driven piston pump system is excellent under triangular wave / PVT mode,the vibration of system is greatly weakened.