高压直流断路器研究综述

Research on High-voltage Direct Current Circuit Breaker:a Review

高压直流(HVDC)电网是解决可再生能源大规模接入的重要途径,而高压直流断路器(HVDC CB)是直流电网发展的瓶颈问题。笔者针对高压直流输电技术的发展趋势,分析了高压直流电网对高压直流断路器的需求;介绍了各种直流开断方法的基本原理,并分析了其在高压直流电网中应用的可行性;着重介绍了混合式高压直流断路器和基于人工过零的高压直流断路器的研究和发展现状,对其开断过程进行了较为详细的分析,并对其进一步的研究中的关键问题给出了建议。

High-voltage direct current（HVDC）grid is an important approach to realize large-scale integration ofrenewable energy. HVDC circuit breaker（HVDC CB） has become the bottleneck for the development of futureHVDC grid. In this paper, in accordance with the developing trend of HVDC technology, the requirements ofHVDC CB put forward by HVDC grid are analyzed. The fundamental mechanisms of different methods to breakdirect current are presented. The feasibility of various DC interruption techniques is discussed in terms ofapplication in HVDC grid. The state-of-the-art research and development of hybrid HVDC CB and HVDC CBbased on artificial current zero are mainly reviewed. Furthermore, the breaking process is discussed in detail. Somekey issues regarding further research on HVDC CB are suggested as well.