缺血性脑卒中患者服药信念现状及影响因素的分析

Belief about medicines in cerebral ischemic stroke patients and its influencing factors

目的调查缺血性脑卒中(CIS)患者服药信念现状,并分析其影响因素。方法采用服药信念量表对212例CIS患者进行问卷调查,先单因素分析比较不同年龄、性别、文化程度、家庭年收入、职业、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分以及有无偏瘫、失语、药物副作用和抑郁等临床特征的CIS患者服药信念的差异,采用多元线性回归分析CIS患者服药信念的影响因素。结果 212例CIS患者服药信念得分为(6.06±1.86)分,其中必要性信念得分(16.19±2.05)分,顾虑信念得分(10.13±1.72)分,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。服药信念得分男性低于女性、农民低于非农民[(5.83±1.69)分vs(6.48±2.17)分,P=0.018,(5.84±1.69)分vs(6.98±2.57)分,P=0.001],且不同家庭年收入、NIHSS及有无偏瘫、失语、服药时间、药物副作用和抑郁的CIS患者服药信念得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。多元线性回归分析显示,药物副作用、抑郁、NIHSS、偏瘫、失语、职业、性别为CIS患者服药信念的影响因素(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论 CIS患者服药信念处于较低水平,受多种因素影响,应采用针对性的干预措施,改善CIS患者的服药信念。

Objective To investigate the belief about medicines in cerebral ischemic stroke（CIS）patients and its influencing factors.Methods The belief about medicines in 212 CIS patients was investigated using questionnaire and compared.Its influencing factors were analyzed by multivariate linear regression analysis.Results The score of belief about medicines was 6.06±1.86 in 212CIS patients.The score of necessity belief was significantly higher than that of concern belief in CIS patients（16.19±2.05 vs 10.13±1.72,P〈0.01）.The score of belief about medicines differed greatly in CIS patients with different gender,family income,occupation,NIHSS,hemiplegia,aphasia,drug taking time,adverse effect of drugs and depression（P〈0.05）.Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that adverse effect of drugs,depression,NIHSS,hemiplegia,aphasia,occupation and gender were the influencing factors of belief about medicines in CIS patients（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）.Conclusion The belief about medicine is considerably poor in CIS patients,which is affected by a number of factors.Measures should thus be taken to improve their belief about medicines.