中国PM2.5治理困局及对策研究——基于环境规制理论视角的分析

Environmental Regulations:An Analysis Based on Environmental Regulation Theory

近年来,中国严重的PM2.5问题引起了广泛的关注,在巨大的压力下政府也相继出台了一系列治理措施与政策,但收效并不明显,难以满足公众对于治理雾霾的迫切需求。PM2.5治理问题具体表现为环境执法乏力。本文试图基于环境规制理论分析这一治理困局的原因。首先,本文参照佩尔兹曼基本模型构建起地方政府环境规制决策模型,推导出最优环境规制供给量的表达式,进而给出了中国PM2.5治理困局原因的理论解释。其次,本文采用了2010年至2013年中国各省面板数据进行实证检验,通过多元回归分析基本验证了PM2.5治理困局产生的主要原因,其可概括为:地方利益集团博弈均衡点偏离制度安排所追求的社会福利最大化目标。最后,针对此原因提出了治理对策。

The serious PM2. 5 pollution has caused great damage to public health and a widespread concern in China. The government has promulgated a series of measures and policies to mitigate PM2.5, but these measures and policieseannot meet the demand of the public for urgent treatment of the haze. It is said that the government tolerated the haze and the environmental law is not enforced. Why is there such a dilemma of governance？ This paper attempts to answer this question based on the environmental regulation theory. Firstly, combining China＇s current situation with the theoretical expression, an explanation of the PM2. 5 governance dilemmais presented. Secondly, the hypotheses are empirically tested usingthe panel data of Chinese provinces from 2010 to 2013 and the hypotheses are basically verified by the multiple regression analysis. Finally, a series of advice is proposed to mitigate the PM2.5 problem in China.