基于软件生态系统的开源社区特性研究

Characteristic Study of Open-source Community Based on Software Ecosystem

随着开源社区的发展,可供获取的开源软件的数量与复杂性急剧增长,致使软件系统之间由于开发者的交互、组件或模块的依赖和使用工具的共享而相互关联,形成开源软件生态系统。从自然生态系统的角度,分析软件生态系统的组成成分、知识链(网)结构,从软件项目、同类主题和整个开源社区这3个级别构建软件生态系统模型,根据自然生态系统的主要特征分析软件生态系统的开放性、多样性、调控性及可持续性。在Sourceforge.net开源社区中的分析结果表明,通过研究开源软件生态系统的特性,有助于提高其生存能力以及知识的循环利用,确保系统的稳定性和健壮性。

With the development of open-source community, the number and complexity of available open-source software increases rapidly, then software systems becomes interdependent on account of the interaction between developers, dependence between components or modules and sharing of tools, and it forms open-source Software Ecosystem （SECO）. This paper analyzes the composition, knowledge chain （Web） structure of SECO from the perspective of ecosystem,builds SECO model from three levels which includes software projects, similar themes and the entire open-source community. It analyzes four characteristics which includes openness, diversity, regulation and sustainability according to the main feature of ecosystems. It uses Sourceforge. net open-source community as a case study,indicates that the study of the open-source SECO is helpful to improve the survival ability and knowledge reuse by the effective strategies, and maintain its stability and health.